Starting a new job in a new country can be overwhelming. You may be unfamiliar with the language, the
legal system, or your rights as a worker. Unfortunately, some dishonest employers take advantage of
this. One warning sign that should always be taken seriously is an employer asking to keep your
passport, residence permit, bank card, or other personal documents.
Many workers are told that this is “standard procedure” or that the employer is keeping the documents
“for safekeeping.” Sometimes they are told the documents will be returned after the probation period
or when the contract ends. In other cases, employers claim they need the originals to complete
paperwork. These explanations may sound reasonable, but they should raise concerns.
In Poland, there is generally no reason why an employer should keep your original passport or residence
permit. An employer may need to verify your identity or make a copy of certain documents for
employment records, but the originals belong to you. Once any necessary copies have been made, your
documents should be returned immediately.
Keeping a worker’s identity documents creates an unhealthy power imbalance. Without a passport or
residence permit, it becomes much harder to change jobs, rent accommodation, open a bank account,
or even prove your identity. In some cases, workers remain in abusive situations simply because they
cannot access their own documents.
This problem is particularly common among migrant workers who may not know what is normal in a
new country. Young workers are also more likely to trust employers who say, “Everyone does it,” or
“Don’t worry, you’ll get it back later.”
If an employer asks to keep your original documents, remain calm but firm. Explain that you are happy
to provide copies if necessary, but that you need to keep the originals. A legitimate employer should
understand this. If they become angry or refuse to return your documents, this is a serious warning sign.
If your passport or residence permit has already been taken and the employer refuses to give it back,
seek help as soon as possible. In Poland, organisations that support migrant workers, trade unions, the
National Labour Inspectorate (Państwowa Inspekcja Pracy – PIP), and in some situations the police, may
all be able to help. Keeping someone else’s identity documents against their will can have legal
consequences.
Your passport is not company property. Neither is your residence permit, your bank card, or your
identity card. These documents belong to you, and you have the right to keep them.
Knowing your rights before problems arise is one of the best ways to protect yourself. A trustworthy
employer needs your skills—not your passport.